



Subsections 14.1 (1.1) and (2) and Part IV.1 of the Investment Canada Act (ICA), establish certain safeguards against this kind of acquisition. Canada’s economy does not match that of the US, but in global terms its economic strength, development of cutting edge technology, and vast resource wealth makes it a target for economic espionage in general and the misappropriation of trade secrets in particular.ĬSIS indicated in a 2019 Public Report that some economic espionage occurs via corporate acquisitions of Canadian companies by foreign state-owned enterprises or private firms with close ties to foreign governments. The potential scope of the threat is considerable while quantifying the damage done by state-sponsored economic espionage to the Canadian economy is difficult, the estimated impact of trade secret theft alone on the American economy in 2015 was $180 billion per year. This activity is designed to influence sensitive economic policy decisions, obtain sensitive economic policy information, manipulate proprietary economic information (including trade secrets) or copy critical technologies. Economic espionage is clandestine or unlawful activity sponsored or coordinated by a foreign power. In late 2018, David Vigneault, Director of the Canadian Security Intelligence Service (CSIS), told members of the Economic Club of Canada that espionage, and in particular state sponsored economic espionage, represented a “ long term threat to Canada’s economy and to our prosperity”.
